There are a variety of Jazz Big Band set-ups. Experienced directors will frequently use the "box" set-up during rehearsals. In the "box" set-up, the band is in a square with the rhythm section on one side, the trumpets on another, the saxophones on another, and the trombones on another. The "box" provides an opportunity for the sections to hear each other with a clarity not always available in the traditional performance set-up.
While there are other variations of the jazz big band set-up, it is useful to develop a personal and dogmatic approach to the traditional set-up.
Setting up the Jazz Ensemble
Set up the back trumpet row with the second trumpet closest to the rhythm section, then the first trumpet, then the third trumpet, then the fourth trumpet. Set up the trombones in front of the trumpets following the same 2-1-3-4 format. Set up the saxophones in the opposite order - baritone saxophone lined up with trumpet 4 and trombone 4, tenor saxophone 2 lined up with trumpet 3 and trombone 3, lead alto lined up with trumpet 1 and trombone 1, second alto lined up with trumpet 2 and trombone 2, first tenor will be positioned in front of the drums.
Have the drummer place the hi-hat directly next to trombone 2, and set the kit up in that position. The bass player should stand on the ride cymbal side of the drum kit with the amplifier directly behind, elevated if possible. Position the piano so the bass player stands in the crook. The guitar player should set up in front of the bass player.
Keep the set-up tight no matter the size of the space. You will notice in this set-up the lead players - trumpet 1, trombone 1, and alto 1 - are lined up, and baritone saxophone and bass trombone are lined up. Soloists - trumpet 2, trombone 2, and tenor saxophone 1 - are, for all intents and purposes, integrated into the rhythm section.
Keeping this set-up tight and organized will improve time feel, articulation choices, balance, and intonation.
Contributed by Doug Stone - LMEA Jazz Division Chair / LAJE Past President
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